To get the most out of your workouts, it's not just about lifting weights... it's about how you lift them! One key factor that people often miss is tempo training.
In this blog post, we'll explain how to read the four-number format often used to describe tempo, break down the details of different tempos, and share more information to help you pick a tempo that works best for reaching your goals.
Keep reading to unlock the secret to getting the most from your workouts with tempo training!
Reading Tempo Formats
Before diving into the specifics, let's break down the basics. Tempo training refers to the speed at which you perform each rep. The tempo is typically expressed as a four-number sequence, such as 3-1-2-0. Each number represents the duration of a specific phase of the lift. So, let's break down how to read the four-number tempo sequence:
First Number (Eccentric)
The first number of a four-number tempo sequence represents the time you take during the lowering phase of the lift. For example, in 4-2-4-0, the eccentric phase is meant to last for four seconds.Second Number (Pause at Bottom)
The second number indicates the duration of the pause at the bottom of the lift. If we think about the 4-2-4-0 example again, this would mean you pause at the bottom of the movement for two seconds.Third Number (Concentric)
The third number is the duration of the lifting or contracting phase. In 4-2-4-0, the concentric phase would last for four seconds.Fourth Number (Pause at Top)
Finally, the last number specifies any pause at the top of the lift. In our 4-2-4-0 example, there would be no pause because the number indicates a zero-second pause.
The Basics of Tempo Training
Now that we understand the basics, let's move on to some standard training tempos! There's a large variety of tempos for weight lifting because it's based on individual preferences, fitness goals, and desired training outcomes. However, some common tempos include slow (example: 4-0-2-0), explosive (example: 1-0-1-0), pause (example: 2-2-1-1), and standard rep tempos (example: 2-0-2-0).
These variations serve different purposes in training, emphasizing muscle control, power, or a balance between the two. Let's dive into some basic tempos to help you get started!
1. Slow Tempo (4-2-4-0)
Slow tempos focus on controlled movements. The eccentric phase (lowering the weight) and concentric phase (lifting the weight) each take longer than the pauses at the top and bottom of the movement. This helps by emphasizing time under tension for optimal muscle engagement. The pause phases are nearly eliminated in this tempo to maintain continuous tension.
2. Explosive Tempo (1-0-1-0)
Explosive tempos prioritize speed and power. The emphasis is on rapid concentric contractions, such as exploding upward during a squat or bench press. The short duration keeps the muscles engaged without a prolonged pause.
3. Pause Tempo (2-2-1-1)
Pause tempos introduce intentional pauses at specific points during the lift. In a 2-2-1-1 tempo, you spend two seconds in the eccentric phase, pause for two seconds at the bottom, perform a one-second concentric phase, and pause for another second at the top. The goal of the pause is to enhance control and challenge muscle endurance.
4. Standard Rep Tempo (2-0-2-0)
A standard rep tempo, considered the most balanced training approach, involves spending two seconds in both the eccentric and concentric phases without pausing. This tempo maintains a steady pace while providing control throughout your entire range of motion.
Benefits of Lifting Fast
Choosing to utilize faster reps during your workouts has some unique benefits. Quick, explosive movements dynamically engage your muscles, improving your power and strength. This is especially helpful for someone aiming to enhance performance in activities that demand speed and agility.
Rapid weightlifting tempos also boost muscle endurance and cardiovascular health. Remember that while lifting fast may not create the same muscle tension as slower tempos, it's a valuable approach for improving overall athleticism and intensity in workouts!
Benefits of Lifting Slow
Lifting weights slowly has a variety of benefits for your workout. Slower reps involve having more control over the movement. This deliberate pace helps create a strong mind-muscle connection, making it easier to feel your muscles working. The slow approach also ensures better control over your technique, reducing the risk of injuries. Even using lighter weights, the extended muscle tension can still lead to muscle activation and growth! Slower tempo reps are great for those struggling with technique, having a hard time feeling specific muscles, or simply wanting a safer and more controlled workout!
In Conclusion...
Incorporating tempo training into your workouts can be a game-changer for muscle growth and strength. Experiment with different tempos to challenge your muscles in new ways and break through plateaus!
Remember, mastering tempo is about finding the right balance for your fitness goals. Armed with this knowledge, you can now approach your workouts with a strategic focus on tempo, maximizing your gains along the way.
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